Atrial Septal Defect
The human heart comprises four chambers which can each be identified uniquely as being upper or lower, and left or right. The two chambers on the left of the heart are responsible for pumping oxygen-rich (arterial) blood throughout the body. Meanwhile, the right chambers receive and pump de-oxygenated (venous) blood to the lungs, where it is ‘refilled’ with oxygen.
Atrial septal defect (abbreviated to ASD) is a birth defect in which the muscle wall (septum) dividing the heart into its left and right halves has a hole, enabling blood to flow between the two halves. The result is mixing of the arterial and venous blood, which can have serious implications for the circulatory system’s ability to supply adequate oxygen and nutrients to each cell of the body.
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