Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV AIDS)

Sign/Symptoms
Anaemia (Anemia) Anal Warts Anus: Abnormal Discharge Appetite Loss (Anorexia) Breath Shortness (Dyspnoea) Cough Cough Chesty Cough Chronic Cough Producing Greenish Sputum Cough Producing Purulent Sputum (Yellow or Yellowish-Brown Sputum, Accumulation of Pus) Cough Productive Coughing Up Blood (Haemoptysis, Hemoptysis) Dermatitis Diarrhoea (Diarrhea) Distal Sensory Loss: Peripheral Neuropathy Erection Failure: Impotence Eye Blindness Eye Vision Distorted Eye: Vision Impairment Fatigue Fever (Raised Body Temperature) Genital Ulcer Liver Enlarged Or Tender Lymph Node Lump in Armpit Lymph Nodes Neck Swollen Lymph Nodes Swollen (Glands) Mind: Depression Mind: Malaise Mouth Lesion Nausea Night Sweats Oral Fungal Infection (Oral Thrush) Pain Abdominal Pain Muscle (Myalgia) Penis Discharge Peri Anal Abscess Sinus Congestion Skin Blisters Skin Blisters with Foul Smelling Brown Exudate Skin Bump Flesh Or Brown Coloured Skin Bump Pearly Skin Bumps Or Lumps Skin Depigmentation Skin Infection Skin Inflammation Skin Itching Skin Lesions Skin Nodules Skin Rash Skin Red Spots Skin Tingling Or Numbness (Paresthesias) Skin: Maculopapular Rash (Rash with Small, Red, Raised Bumps) Skin: Small Solid Raised Lump (Papules) Swallowing Difficulty (Dysphagia) Throat Sore (Pharyngitis) Urethra Purulent Discharge Vaginal Discharge Vaginal Discharge Green Vaginal Discharge Thin White Or Clear Vaginal Discharge White Vaginal Discharge Whitish-Grey, Cottage Cheese like appearance. Vomiting Weight Loss (Body Mass Index Decreased)

Drugs
Amphotericin Efavirenz Lamivudine Nevirapine Ritonavir Saquinavir Stavudine Thalidomide Zidovudine

Treatments
Medical Procedure Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (HBOT) Strongly Against Moderate Evidence Alternative Therapies Remedial Education (Individualized Education Program) Weakly in Favour Low Evidence Lifestyle Changes Home or Self Monitoring Weakly in Favour Low Evidence Regular Exercise (30 Minutes A Day) Weakly in Favour Moderate Evidence Personal Support Weakly in Favour Very Low Evidence Palliative Care Weakly in Favour Very Low Evidence Vulvo Vaginal Hygiene Strongly in Favour Moderate Evidence

Attributes
Commonality is uncommon Commonality for Australia is uncommon Commonality for South Africa is common Commonality for Zimbabwe is common Commonality for Central Africa is common Incidence is approximately 1 in 4,440 people

Further Tests
Alpha-1 Antitrypsin (AAT) Concentration Alpha-1 Antintrypsin (AAT) (Increased) Cerebrospinal Fluid Protein Electrophoresis Alpha-1-Globulin (Cerebrospinal Fluid, CSF) (Increased) Alpha-2-Globulin (Cerebrospinal Fluid, CSF) (Increased) Beta-Globulin (Cerebrospinal Fluid, CSF) (Increased) Gamma-Globulin (Cerebrospinal Fluid, CSF) (Increased) D-Dimer Blood Test D-Dimer (Increased) Erythropoietin (Ep) Concentration Erythropoietin (Ep) (Decreased) Fibrin Degradation Products (FDPs, Fibrin Split Products, FSPs, Fibrin Breakdown Products, Fbps) Fibrin Split Products (Increased) Fibrinogen Concentration test Fibrinogen (Increased) Fibrinopeptide A (FPA) Action Assay Fibrinopeptide A (FPA) (Increased) HIV Serology Test (Elisa Test for for Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, AIDS) HIV Serology (Specific Antibodies for HIV, AIDS) (Increased) Intracranial Prassure Monitoring (CSF Pressure) Intracranial Pressure (Cerebrospinal Fluid Pressure, CSF Pressure) (Increased) Lymphocyte Immunophenotyping Total T cells (CD3(plus)) (Decreased) Helper T cells (CD3(plus), CD4(plus)) (Decreased) T-Suppressor (CD8) Cells (Decreased) B Cells (CD19 Percentage) (Decreased) Natural Killer Cells (CD16 Percentage) (Decreased) CD4 to CD8 Ratio (Decreased) Lymphocytes Count Lymphocytes (Decreased) Monocyte Absolute Count Monocytes (Increased) Neutrophil Absolute Count Segmented Neutrophils (Decreased) Platelet Count Platelets (Decreased) Testosterone Concentration Testosterone (Decreased) Thyroxine Binding Globulin Concentration (TBG, Thyroid Binding Globulin, Blood) Thyroxine Binding Globulin (TBG, Thyroid Binding Globulin, Blood) (Increased) Urine B2 Microglobulin Concentration Urine B2 Microglobulin (Increased) Urine Urobilinogen Concentration Urobilinogen (Urine) (Increased) White Blood Cell (WBC) Count White Blood Cell (WBC) (Increased)

Efficacy of Alternative and Other Treatments According to GRADE* Ranking:

Cannabis (Marijuana, weed, hemp) [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]:

Please note, this management does NOT treat the condition itself. It may mildly help with some of the symptoms, and even then has insufficient evidence to back up this claim at present.

Recommendation: Weakly in favor (Evidence shows that smoking or ingesting cannabis may help in relieving symptoms of decreased appetite in HIV/AIDS, and may aid in patients regaining lost weight, although some studies have yielded mixed results)

Grade of Evidence: low quality of evidence

Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (HBOT):

NOT RECOMENDED

Recommendation: strongly against (available evidence shows that HBOT is in no way useful in treating HIV/AIDS, and can have harmful effects. NOT RECOMENDED)

Grade of Evidence: Moderate quality of evidence

Neuro-Linguistic Programming:

Recommendation: no recommendation (Available evidence shows that Neuro-linguistic Programming does not help to treat HIV/AIDS

Grade of Evidence: very low quality of evidence

Naturopathic Medicine:

Recommendation: weakly against (available evidence shows that Naturopathic medicine does not help to treat HIV AIDS. )

Grade of Evidence: very low quality of evidence

* www.gradeworkinggroup.org

Summary References

Treatments:

1. Ades T, Alteri R, Gansler T, Yeargin P, "Complete Guide to Complimentary & Alternative Cancer Therapies", American Cancer Society, Atlanta USA, 2009

2. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/marijuana.html

3. http://nccam.nih.gov/research/extramural/awards/2004/

4. http://www.cancer.org/Treatment/TreatmentsandSideEffects/ComplementaryandAlternativeMedicine/HerbsVitaminsandMinerals/marijuana

5. http://www.nationalmssociety.org/about-multiple-sclerosis/what-we-know-about-ms/treatments/complementary--alternative-medicine/marijuana/index.aspx

6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16957511

7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12965981

8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17589370

9. http://mct.aacrjournals.org/content/6/11/2921.long

10. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2562334/?tool=pmcentrez

Public Discussion

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