Prostate Cancer

Attributes

Commonality is rare Gender = M Incidence is approximately 1 in 1,316 people

Further Tests

Acid Phosphatase Concentration Acid Phosphatase (Increased) Alpha-1 Antitrypsin (AAT) Concentration Alpha-1 Antintrypsin (AAT) (Increased) Antithrombin 111 (AT-111) Activity Test Antithrombin 111 (AT-111) (Decreased) Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) Concentration Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) (Increased) Blood Urea Nitrogen Tests Blood Urea Nitrogen (Increased) Blood Uric Acid Concentration Test Uric Acid, Blood (Increased) Cerebrospinal Fluid Glucose Concentration Glucose (Cerebrospinal Fluid) (Decreased) Cerebrospinal Fluid Protein Concentration Cerebrospinal Fluid Total Protein (Increased) Cerebrospinal Fluid White Cell Differential Cerebrospinal Fluid Leukocytes (Increased) Cerebrospinal Fluid Neutrophil Differential (Increased) Creatine Kinase Concentration Creatine Kinase1 (CK-BB) Isoenzyme (Increased) D-Dimer Blood Test D-Dimer (Increased) Euglobulin Lysis Time (Fibrinolysis Time) Plasma Clot Lysis Time (Decreased) Fibrin Degradation Products (FDPs, Fibrin Split Products, FSPs, Fibrin Breakdown Products, Fbps) Fibrin Split Products (Increased) Fibrin Monomers Test Fibrin Monomers (Increased) Fibrinopeptide A (FPA) Action Assay Fibrinopeptide A (FPA) (Increased) Folic Acid (Folate) Concentration Folic Acid (Folate) (Decreased) haptoglobin (Hp) concentration haptoglobin (Hp) (Increased) Iron Concentration Iron (Decreased) Lactate Dehydrogenase Concentration Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) (Increased) Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) Concentration Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) (Decreased) Plasma Cell Concentration Test Plasma Cells (Increased) Platelet Count Platelets (Increased) Potassium Concentration (K, Blood) Potassium (K, Blood) (Decreased) Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) Blood Test Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) (Increased) Protein Electrophoresis (Blood, Serum Protein) Gamma Globulin (Blood, Serum) (Increased) Thyroid Stimulating Horomone (TSH) Concentration Thyroid Stimulating Horomone (TSH) (Increased) Thyroxine (Total T4) Concentration Thyroxine (Total T4) (Decreased) Thyroxine (Total T4) (Decreased) Triiodothyronine (Free T3) Concentration Triiodothyronine (Free T3) (Decreased) Triiodothyronine (Total T3) Concentration Triiodothyronine (Total T3) (Decreased) Triiodothyronine (Total T3) (Decreased) Triiodothyronine Uptake Test Triiodothyronine Uptake Percentage (Increased) Urine Crystal Concentration Triple Phosphate Crystals (Urine) (Increased) Urine Volume Urine (Decreased) Vitamin B12 (VB12) Concentration Vitamin B12 (VB12) (Decreased)

Efficacy of Alternative and Other Treatments According to GRADE* Ranking:

Vitamin E [1, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69]:

Please note, this management does NOT treat the condition itself. It may mildly help in preventing some of the symptoms, and even then has insufficient evidence to back up this claim at present. Please note, this acts as a PREVENTATIVE treatment, and not necessarily symptomatic relief.  This vitamin can have harmful effects if taken in doses higher than 100% of the recommended daily allowance.

Recommendation: Weakly in favor (Some trials have shown that vitamin E may help lower the risk of developing prostate cancer. However, other trials have shown no effect. More studies are needed.)

Grade of Evidence: low quality of evidence

Vitamin D [1, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63]:

Please note, this management does NOT treat the condition itself. It may mildly help in preventing some of the symptoms, and even then has insufficient evidence to back up this claim at present. Please note, this acts as a PREVENTATIVE treatment, and not necessarily symptomatic relief. This vitamin can have harmful effects if taken in doses higher than 100% of the recommended daily allowance.

Recommendation: Weakly in favor (Studies have shown that a higher intake of Vitamin D may help to treat symptoms of bone pain in patients with prostate cancer. However, these results are not fully reliable, and more studies are needed)

Grade of Evidence: low quality of evidence

Vitamin C [1, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54]:

Please note, this management does NOT treat the condition itself. It may mildly help in preventing some of the symptoms, and even then has insufficient evidence to back up this claim at present. Please note, this acts as a PREVENTATIVE treatment, and not necessarily symptomatic relief.

Recommendation: No recommendation (Observational and clinical trials have not shown any evidence that vitamin C has a protective or treatment effect on cancer or chronic diseases)

Grade of Evidence: moderate quality of evidence

Sodium Bicarbonate (Baking Soda, Simoncini Cancer Therapy) [1, 47, 48]:

Please note, this management does NOT treat the condition itself. It may mildly help with some of the symptoms, and even then has insufficient evidence to back up this claim at present.

Recommendation: No recommendation (Available evidence does not support claims that baking soda helps to treat cancer in any way.)

Grade of Evidence: moderate quality of evidence

Saw Palmetto Extract [1, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46]:

Please note, this management does NOT treat the condition itself. It may mildly help with some of the symptoms, and even then has insufficient evidence to back up this claim at present. Palmetto extract may cause side effects, though these are uncommon. They may include headache, vomiting, dizziness, constipation, diarrhoea, insomnia or fatigue. Long term effects have not yet been researched.

Recommendation: No recommendation (Available evidence does not support claims that saw palmetto helps to treat prostatitis.)

Grade of Evidence: low quality of evidence

Red Clover (Trifolium Pratense) [1, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39]:

Please note, this management does NOT treat the condition itself. It may mildly help with some of the symptoms, and even then has insufficient evidence to back up this claim at present.

Recommendation: weakly in favor (Early studies show that Red Clover might help in the treatment of prostate cancer. However, this was not a fully reliable study, and further research is needed)

Grade of Evidence: low quality of evidence

Rabdosia Rubescens (Dong Ling Cao, Oridonin, Isodon Rubescens) [1, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32]:

Please note, this management does NOT treat the condition itself. It may mildly help with some of the symptoms, and even then has insufficient evidence to back up this claim at present.

Recommendation: weakly in favor (Laboratory studies show that rabdosia rubescens has anti-cancer activity, and may be helpful in the treatment of prostate cancer. However, more studies are needed)

Grade of Evidence: low quality of evidence

Pokeweed Antiviral Protein (PAP) [1, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26]:

Please note, this management does NOT treat the condition itself. It may mildly help with some of the symptoms, and even then has insufficient evidence to back up this claim at present. Warning! All parts of the plant, Pokeweed (Phytolacca Americana), is poisonous and should not be ingested. Thoroughly cooking the plant reduces that toxicity. The effects of the improperly prepared plant include vomiting, diarrhoea, cramps, headache, confusion, convulstions, low blood pressure, heart block and death. Only plant extracts (PAP) or thoroughly prepared plants should be ingested, and even then, under professional medical guidance.

Recommendation: weakly in favor (Laboratory studies show that PAP may hold promise in the treatment of prostate cancer, but more clinical trials are needed)

Grade of Evidence: low quality of evidence

Phytochemicals (Antioxidants) [1, 19, 20, 21]:

Please note, this management does NOT treat the condition itself. It may mildly help with some of the symptoms, and even then has insufficient evidence to back up this claim at present.

Recommendation: no recommendation (Laboratory studies show that phytochemical supplements have some anti-cancer activity. However, more studies are needed as no trials have been done on humans. A balanced diet with fruit, vegetables, and grain is recommended to prevent illness until further research is done.)

Grade of Evidence: low quality of evidence

PC-Hope (PC-Care, PC-Plus, Prostasol):

Please note, this management does NOT treat the condition itself. It may mildly help with some of the symptoms, and even then has insufficient evidence to back up this claim at present. Important: Side effects of PC-Spes include breast growth, nipple pain, and decreased libido. Side effects of PC-Hope are reported to be similar.

Recommendation: weakly in favor (Clinical trials on a precurser of PC-Care, called PC-Spes have shown very positive results in the treatment and care of prostate cancer patients. PC-Spes, however has been withdrawn from the market, and replaced by PC-Hope. Because PC-Hope and PC-Spes are reported to be very similar, their effects might be the same, but it will probably take a few years before clinical research can properly verify this. Laboratory research so far has yielded positive results.)

Grade of Evidence: low quality of evidence

Milk Thistle [1, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18]:

Please note, this management does NOT treat the condition itself. It may mildly help with some of the symptoms, and even then has insufficient evidence to back up this claim at present.

Recommendation: weakly in favor (Early laboratory studies support claims that Milk Thistle helps slow tumor growth in prostate cancer. However, more research is needed to see if these results also apply to humans)

Grade of Evidence: low quality of evidence

Licorice (Glcyrhiz Gaba) [1, 10, 11, 12, 13]:

Please note, this management does NOT treat the condition itself. It may mildly help with some of the symptoms, and even then has insufficient evidence to back up this claim at present. Licorice has been shown to have potentially harmful side effects in people with high blood pressure, liver or kidney diseases)

Recommendation: Weakly in favor (Small studies and laboratory tests show that Licorice may help reduce tumor growth in prostate cancer, but more research is needed)

Grade of Evidence: low quality of evidence

Green Tea [1, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]:

Please note, this management does NOT treat the condition itself. It may mildly help with some of the symptoms, and even then has insufficient evidence to back up this claim at present.

Recommendation: Weakly in favor (Laboratory studies have shown promise with regards to the prevention of prostate cancer with green tea, but very few reliable clinical trials have been done. More research is needed.)

Grade of Evidence: low quality of evidence

Flaxseed Oil  [1, 2, 3, 4]:

Please note, this management does NOT treat the condition itself. It may mildly help with some of the symptoms, and even then has insufficient evidence to back up this claim at present.

Recommendation: weakly in favor  (Evidence shows that flaxseed oil may reduce the formation, growth or spread of prostate cancer)

Grade of Evidence: low quality of evidence

* www.gradeworkinggroup.org

 

Summary References

Treatments:

1. Ades T, Alteri R, Gansler T, Yeargin P, "Complete Guide to Complimentary & Alternative Cancer Therapies", American Cancer Society, Atlanta USA, 2009

2. http://www.cancer.org/Treatment/TreatmentsandSideEffects/ComplementaryandAlternativeMedicine/HerbsVitaminsandMinerals/flaxseed

3. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginfo/natural/patient-flaxseed.html

4. http://nccam.nih.gov/health/flaxseed/index.htm

5. http://www.cancer.org/Treatment/TreatmentsandSideEffects/ComplementaryandAlternativeMedicine/HerbsVitaminsandMinerals/green-tea

6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16968850

7.  http://www.denverpost.com/nationworld/ci_4326770

8. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginfo/natural/patient-green_tea.html

9. http://nccam.nih.gov/health/greentea/index.htm

10. Winston, David; Steven Maimes (2007). Adaptogens: Herbs for Strength, Stamina, and Stress Relief. Healing Arts Press.

11. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15190039

12. http://nccam.nih.gov/health/licoriceroot/

13. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginfo/natural/patient-licorice.html.

14. http://www.cancer.org/Treatment/TreatmentsandSideEffects/ComplementaryandAlternativeMedicine/HerbsVitaminsandMinerals/milk-thistle

15. http://nccam.nih.gov/health/milkthistle/ataglance.htm

16. Kroll DJ, Shaw HS, Oberlies NH.(2007). Milk thistle nomenclature: why it matters in cancer research and pharmacokinetic studies. Integrative Cancer Therapies. 6: 110-119.

17. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16279916

18. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14506392

19. http://www.cancer.org/Treatment/TreatmentsandSideEffects/ComplementaryandAlternativeMedicine/HerbsVitaminsandMinerals/phytochemicals

20. http://www.fda.gov/Food/LabelingNutrition/LabelClaims/QualifiedHealthClaims/ucm073992.htm

21. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20216418

22. http://www.cbif.gc.ca/pls/pp/ppack.info?p_psn=12&p_type=all&p_sci=sci&p_x=px

23. http://www.pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Phytolacca+americana

24. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/315368

25. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/002874.htm

26. http://www.cancer.org/Treatment/TreatmentsandSideEffects/ComplementaryandAlternativeMedicine/HerbsVitaminsandMinerals/pokeweed

27. http://naturaldatabase.therapeuticresearch.com/nd/Search.aspx?fs=ND&pt=100&id=1140&AspxAutoDetectCookieSupport=1

28. http://mct.aacrjournals.org/content/4/4/578.abstract

29. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15586232

30. http://www.webmd.com/vitamins-supplements/ingredientmono-1140-RABDOSIA RUBESCENS.aspx?activeIngredientId=1140&activeIngredientName=RABDOSIA RUBESCENS

31. http://www.cancer.org/Treatment/TreatmentsandSideEffects/ComplementaryandAlternativeMedicine/HerbsVitaminsandMinerals/rabdosia-rubescens

32. http://alternativehealing.org/dong_ling_cao.htm

33. http://nccam.nih.gov/health/redclover/

34. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19609225

35. http://www.babyhopes.com/articles/natural-fertility-boosters.html

36. http://indigo-herbs.co.uk/acatalog/Red_Clover_Flowers_Info.html

37. http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/duke_energy/trifolium_pratense.html

38. http://www.cancer.org/Treatment/TreatmentsandSideEffects/ComplementaryandAlternativeMedicine/HerbsVitaminsandMinerals/red-clover

39. http://www.mskcc.org/mskcc/html/69350.cfm

40. http://www.cancer.org/Treatment/TreatmentsandSideEffects/ComplementaryandAlternativeMedicine/HerbsVitaminsandMinerals/saw-palmetto

41. http://nccam.nih.gov/health/palmetto/

42. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginfo/natural/patient-sawpalmetto.html

43. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12137626

44. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16467543

45. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18423748

46. http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/saw-palmetto/NS_patient-sawpalmetto

47. http://www.cancer.org/Treatment/TreatmentsandSideEffects/ComplementaryandAlternativeMedicine/HerbsVitaminsandMinerals/sodium-bicarbonate

48. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginfo/meds/a682001.html

49. http://www.cancer.org/Treatment/TreatmentsandSideEffects/ComplementaryandAlternativeMedicine/HerbsVitaminsandMinerals/vitamin-c

50. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginfo/natural/patient-vitaminc.html

51. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/vitaminc.html

52. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/002145.htm

53. http://nccam.nih.gov/research/results/spotlight/070106.htm

54. http://www.merck.com/mmhe/sec12/ch154/ch154i.html?qt=vitamin c&alt=sh

55. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/o/cochrane/clsysrev/articles/CD006164/frame.html

56. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10824056

57. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jcb.10338/abstract

58. http://pain-topics.org/pdf/vitamind-report.pdf

59. http://informahealthcare.com/doi/abs/10.1185/030079908X253519

60. http://www.theglobeandmail.com/life/article756975.ece

61. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17556697

62. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18065602

63. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/vitamind.html

64. http://nccam.nih.gov/news/alerts/vitamine/vitamine.htm

65. http://nccam.nih.gov/research/results/spotlight/070106.htm

66. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/vitamine.html

67. http://www.ajcn.org/cgi/content/full/76/4/703

68. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2586922/?tool=pmcentrez

69. http://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/vitamine.asp#h3






 

 

 

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